ERA 8 - Time of citizens and steam engines

 

The 19th century (1800-1900) means the start of modern times. It is the time of the industrial revolution (industrialization) with the invention of the steam engine, the chemical industry, the development of electricity and the emerging working class.

 

The development begins in Great Britain in 1750 and is taken over by the rest of the Western world in the 19th century. Citizenship becomes an issue of discussion in industrial society. Most people move from rural areas and settle in cities .

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Europe is going to oppose the colonies and its inhabitants in a different way. The 19th century also means the rise of the political-social movements.​

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Characteristic aspects:

31. The industrial revolution that provided the basis for an industrial society in the western world.

 

32. Discussions about social issues.

 

33. Modern way of imperialism related to industrialization.

 

34. The rise of emancipation movements.

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35. Advancing democratization, with participation of more men and women in the political process.

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36. The rise of political-social movements: conservatism, nationalism, liberalism, socialism, confessionalism and feminism.